AP BIOLOGY
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Explore the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model to predict allele and genotype frequencies in non-evolving populations. Use the equations p² + 2pq + q² = 1 and p + q = 1 to calculate frequencies, and understand how violations of the five conditions (no mutation, random mating, no gene flow, infinite population size, no selection) indicate evolutionary change.
AP BIOLOGY
Speciation & Reproductive Isolation
Simulate populations diverging into distinct species by interrupting gene flow through Allopatric (Geographic River) or Sympatric (Polyploidy/Behavioral) isolating mechanisms.
AP BIOLOGY
Evidence for Evolution Comparator
Compare the 3 main pillars of evolutionary evidence: Stratigraphic Fossil Progression, Bone Mapping of Homologous Structures, and Cytochrome c Amino Acid divergence.