Electron Configuration
Build electron configurations for atoms and ions using the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, and the Pauli exclusion principle. Visualize how electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d...), understand noble gas notation shortcuts, and identify valence electrons. Explore exceptions like chromium and copper, and connect electron configuration to periodic trends and chemical reactivity.
ELECTRON CONFIGURATION
Electrons fill orbitals following the Aufbau Principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle, and Hund's Rule.
CORE FORMULAS
Filling order
AP EXAM CONNECTION
Unit: Unit 1: Atomic Structure
Learning Objective: SAP-1.A
COMMON MISCONCEPTIONS
- Violating Hund's rule.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
- Follow the diagonal rule for filling.
